Valencia M.

Enter content here

New immigrants-	Starting in the 1880s, immigration into the United States began to shift from northern and western Europe, its source for most of the nation's history, to southern and eastern Europe.
Mugwumps-	Drawing their members mainly from among the educated and upper class, these reformers crusaded for lower tariffs, limited ferderal government, and civil service reform to end political corruption.
Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)-	Founded by Frances E. Willard, this organization campaigned to end drunkeness and the social ills that accompained it.
National American Woman Suffrage-	Founded by Susan B. Anthony in 1890, this organization worked to secure women the right vote. by 1920 it had nearly two million members.
Plessy v. Ferguson	A Supreme Court case in 1896 that etablished the doctrine of " seperate but equal" and upheld Louisiana las requiring that blacks and whites occupy seperate rail cars.
Civil Rights Cases-	A group of cases in 1883 in which the Supreme Court ruled that the Fouteenth Amendment  barred state governments from discriminating on the basis of race but did not prevent private individuals or organizations from doing so.
Social Darwinism-	Adapted by English social philosopher Herbet Spencer from Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, this theroy held that the "laws" of evolution applied to human life, that changed in business and social relationships.
Social Gospel-	Preached by a number of urban Protestant ministers, the social Gospel focused as much on improving the conditons of life on earth as on saving souls for the hereafter.
Settlement Houses-	Located in poor districts of major cities, these were community centers that tried to soften the impact of urban life for immigrant and other families.